The University of Wyoming was founded in 1886, four years prior to statehood. Provisions of the 1862 Morrill Act, also known as the Land Grant College Act, allowed for the teaching of agriculture, mechanic arts, and military tactics but also included literary and scientific studies. With statehood in 1890, the constitution confirmed the establishment of the university, that all students, regardless of gender or race, could attend, and that the cost of instruction "may be as nearly free as possible." From a humble beginning in athletics, UW has excelled in football, basketball, and rodeo and has produced such notable figures as Kenny Sailors and Curt Gowdy. Statewide outreach has always been a focus, resulting in a research center in Grand Teton National Park and agricultural farms in many communities. Wyoming's economy relies heavily on the energy industry, and today, the university is a leader in energy-related education and research. Many of the photographs in Campus History Series: University of Wyoming were taken by long-serving university faculty, providing an interesting glimpse of UW's 125-year history.
The history of Fort Bridger represents a microcosm of the development of the American West. Situated in an area initially inhabited by the Shoshone people, Fort Bridger was established during a transitional phase between the fur-trade era and the period of western migration. The fort became one of the most important supply points along the nation's western trail network. Later, the post served as a bastion of civilization as one of a number of western military posts. Soldiers at the fort protected not only the lives and property of its local citizenry but also the emerging transportation and communication advancements of a nation. Following the Army's departure, a small settlement emerged at Fort Bridger, using buildings and materials from the old military garrison. Today, the fort and town remain active, in part as a respite for travelers just as it had been more than 150 years ago.
Gillette
9780738580265
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There is an old saying that the Powder River was "a mile wide; an inch deep; too thick to drink; too thin to plow," and yet it was fought over many times in the early settlement of northeastern Wyoming. The lure of free land attracted tough pioneer families and rowdy outlaws to the new town of Gillette. Bars and brothels competed with schools and churches for the cowboys of some of the largest cattle and sheep ranches in the state. The coal that was discovered close to the surface, which first supplied settlers through blizzards and prairie winds, now provides one-third of the nation's energy. Ranching is still important in Gillette's economy but the abundant minerals have truly put Gillette, Wyoming, on the map.
Green River
9780738548197
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Nestled in a valley at the confluence of the Green River and Bitter Creek, the town of Green River is situated among some of the most famous and beautiful rock formations in the West. This stunning backdrop was the jumping-off point for John Wesley Powell's famous river explorations. The city's story is intertwined with the arteries of westward expansion. The Colorado River system, the Cherokee and Overland Trails, the Union Pacific Railroad, the Lincoln Highway, the interstate highway system, and even America's first "Intergalactic Space Port" are all part of the story of Green River. After its humble start as an Overland Trail stage station, the town grew in anticipation of the arrival of the transcontinental railroad and eventually became the Sweetwater County seat. The Green River, ranching, recreation, and the chemical industry also play a part in the town's history.
Sundance
9780738581095
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Sundance, in the northeast corner of Wyoming, may not be the only place with that name, but it is the original Sundance--the place where the Kid got his name. There was no settlement of any sort when Crook County was created in 1875. The town was founded in 1878, named after the mountain that stands south of town where the Plains tribes held their sun dance ceremonies. Sundance is not that different from the many other small towns that sprang to life in the boom of gold, cattle, and oil throughout the West, but it is different in that it has ridden through the booms and the busts and still survives. This book contains images of people's lives as they worked and played, lived and died. It tells of those who passed through, and those who stayed and helped the community establish its roots and grow.
Lander
9780738581507
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Before Lander became a town, the area had already been the summer hunting grounds for numerous Native American tribes, seen a few rendezvous, and had become a freighting hub. Supplying goods for the miners in the South Pass area and goods for the cavalry and natives at Fort Washakie, the freight wagons rolled year-round. When the Lander townsite was plotted in 1880, the main road remained wide enough that a 20-hitch team could turn around. As more people settled in the area, Lander became an agricultural-based town. It was known throughout the state for its abundance of produce, hay, blooded horses, cattle, and sheep. But it was not all work for the settlers; the Wind River Mountains also beckoned. Lander, located at the edge of the southern half of the Shoshone National Forest, became an outfitting stop for alpinists, scientists, and others seeking adventure. Once word of the vast elk and deer herds and the abundance of trout in those high mountain lakes was out, hunters and fisherman came from all over. It also did not take long for Western adventure writers to highlight that Lander was a good place for tourists who wanted to experience the romance of the west through horseback riding, camping, and mountain adventures.
Big Piney and Marbleton
9780738575889
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Big Piney and Marbleton are one mile apart, and attempts to combine the two towns have been unsuccessful. The area had been home to family-operated cattle ranches starting in 1878, and a year later Daniel B. Budd and Hugh McKay brought 1,000 cattle from Nevada and were stopped here due to the weather. Founded by Daniel, Big Piney was incorporated in a boggy area on July 5, 1913, and is the oldest settlement in Sublette County. Daniel's eldest son, Charles, had hoped to build the town up on the bench to alleviate the problem of wet land. He founded Marbleton, the newer town, which was incorporated in 1914. Big Piney has been called the "Icebox of the Nation" because it had the coldest year-round average temperature in the country when it was officially made a weather station in 1930. Cattle remain a vibrant part of the local economy, and the land has been drilled for oil since the 1920s. Both towns have known several booms and busts, typical of the energy industry.
Coal in Campbell County
9781467130172
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In his Annual Report of the Territorial Geologist to the Governor of Wyoming 1890, Louis D. Ricketts wrote, "The coal of this district has little other use than that of supplying a local market." Years later, nothing could be further from the truth. The United States uses approximately one billion tons of coal a year, with about 390 million tons coming from Campbell County, Wyoming. Since large-scale commercial coal production began in Campbell County in the mid-1970s, most coal companies have changed names, owners, and boundaries several times. To let those changes go unrecorded would be to lose the very beginning of coal in Campbell County.
Weston County
9780738595443
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Tucked in the northeast corner of Wyoming against the Black Hills is Weston County. The county has served as a gateway, byway, and way of life and living. In the beginning, it was home to dinosaurs and volcanoes. Nomadic Indians then wandered through, leaving signs of their passing, and the great Sioux Indian Nations held this land dear. Finally, the area was seen as a place to settle, since the mineral-rich land and rolling grasslands provided an economic backdrop for people to stay and build a home for their families. Today, Weston County people are as diverse as this magnificent land of rugged timber that flows into sagebrush and short-grass prairies.
Casper's Troopers Drum & Bugle Corps
9781467129084
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The Troopers Drum & Bugle Corps was founded in Casper, Wyoming, in November 1957. It was the dream of one man, Jim Jones. He believed that any kid who wanted to march with the Troopers should be afforded the chance. In 10 years, Jones took kids from Casper who had never marched before and turned them into national champions. The Troopers have played for celebrities and presidents, performed at football games and Disneyland, and marched in parades from California to New York. Drum and bugle corps have changed dramatically in the last 60 years, and the Troopers have as well. Today, the Troopers are an elite group of young people from across the country and all over the world, and they compete in Drum Corps International's World Class division.
Park County
9781467107082
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The Wyoming State Legislature approved the formation of Park County--named in honor of Yellowstone National Park--on February 15, 1909. Early fur traders such as John Colter and George Drouillard traversed the area in the early 1800s, opening trade with the indigenous Crow and Shoshone. In the middle of the 19th century, buffalo hunters, miners, ranchers, and homesteaders arrived and displaced the indigenous people in the area, establishing trading posts and the cowboy town of Meeteetse. The region's natural wonders inspired conservationists to lobby Congress to create Yellowstone National Park in 1872 and Shoshone National Forest in 1891. In the 1890s, Buffalo Bill Cody spearheaded an effort to irrigate arid lands and established productive farms and new towns such as Powell and Cody. The scenery and outdoor recreation opportunities lured many tourists to the area, including Ernest Hemingway and Amelia Earhart. From the mountain peaks to the river valleys, Park County offers insight into the extraordinary history of the American West.
High Plains Arboretum
9781467108232
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Decades after the Homestead Act, many settlers had tried and failed to establish roots in the high plains of Wyoming. Altitude, wind, dry conditions, and lack of winter snow cover desiccated plants, making it especially hard for trees to survive. In 1929, the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) constructed a field station to research plants that could tolerate Cheyenne's harsh climate. From 1930 to 1974, many varieties of small fruits, vegetables, shrubs, and trees were tested. Plants from similar climates around the world, some as far away as China and Siberia, were also tested at the station. When the focus shifted in 1974 to grasslands research, much of the horticultural plant stock was removed or lost. Thanks to the efforts of concerned citizens, a 62-acre block of historic trees was renamed the High Plains Arboretum and opened to the public in 2008. The arboretum is now owned by the City of Cheyenne, with preservation efforts contributed by the Urban Forestry Division and the Cheyenne Botanic Gardens.
Wyoming's Dinosaur Discoveries
9781467134415
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Wyoming is home to some of the world's most famous dinosaurs. As early as 1872, dinosaurs were excavated, placed on railcars, and shipped east. For the past 140 years, paleontologists have scoured Wyoming to excavate tens of thousands of dinosaur bones, now displayed internationally. It was not until 1961 that a dinosaur from Wyoming was mounted and placed on display at the University of Wyoming's Geological Museum in Laramie.
Jim Gatchell Memorial Museum
9781467109284
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The Jim Gatchell Memorial Museum is a regional history museum in Buffalo, Wyoming. When pharmacist Jim Gatchell opened his drugstore in 1900, it had an immediate impact on the Johnson County community. Before his arrival in Buffalo, Gatchell had grown up on a Lakota Sioux reservation. Because of this and his caring nature, he became a trusted friend of the region's Native Americans. They brought him many gifts, and as word spread, friends and acquaintances began donating mementos of historic people, places, and events from Johnson County and the Powder River region. After Gatchell's death in 1954, his family donated his collection to Johnson County with the provision that a museum be built to house it. The museum opened its doors in 1957 and became a nationally accredited museum in 2002.
Cheyenne Frontier Days
9780738596402
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Cheyenne Frontier Days? originated in 1897 after a few individuals conceived a signature event as a way to revive the thrilling incidents and pictures of life in the Old West. Their vision included a celebration that would bring visitors from all over the world to the capital city of Wyoming. From its beginnings, Cheyenne residents valued a rural lifestyle that inspired them to create a frontier festival. For more than a century, Cheyenne Frontier Days? has been the spirit, heart, and soul of the community and the cowboy way of life. Today, it has evolved into the world's largest outdoor rodeo and celebration of its kind.
Dude Ranching in Wyoming
9781467103336
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Dude ranches were the West's first destination vacation. In the early 20th century, they lured East Coast elites and their families out to the unspoiled wilderness and ranching country of the Rocky Mountains. In order to get to the dude ranches, tourists, who were often looking for an escape from their city lives, had to travel long journeys via trains, stages, wagons, and horseback. Wyoming was home to two dude ranch firsts. Howard, Willis, and Alden Eaton were pioneers in the business, and their Eatons' Ranch continues today. Larry Larom, another dude ranch trailblazer, became the first president of the Dude Ranchers' Association. His tireless work, vision, and leadership secured the future of dude ranching in the West. Working successfully with the railroad and the government, Larom set the stage for important cooperation between ranchers and diverse agencies, ensuring the preservation of the natural environment. Echoes of his wisdom are still felt today.
Along Wyoming's Historic Highway 20
9781467115988
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Highway 20 was designated a federal highway in 1926, and until the arrival of the Interstate Highway System in the 1950s it was a primary route across northern Wyoming. From the Great Plains in the east to the mountains in the west, Highway 20 passed though cities and towns that retain their frontier visages and such wonders as Hell's Half Acre, the Wind River Canyon, Natural Hot Springs, Buffalo Bill Scenic Byway, and spectacular Yellowstone National Park. Fortunately, historic Highway 20 remains almost completely intact and can be driven much as travelers did in years past. Postcard History Series: Along Wyoming's Historic Highway 20 celebrates this trip, illustrated by more than 200 vintage postcards showing the personality of the road. Not to be forgotten are the tourist courts, hotels, diners, and gas stations that made automobile travel possible.
Buffalo
9780738569093
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Buffalo, the county seat of Johnson County in northeastern Wyoming, began in 1878 as an army town adjacent to Fort McKinney (1877-1894). Since that foundation was laid, Buffalo has been witness to gold prospectors and settlers as a waypoint along the Bozeman Trail, nearby battles during the ensuing Indian Wars, and the Cattle War of 1892. Those events and their associated hard times helped forge the town's unique heritage and culture and made its place in American history significant. It was recently referred to as "an epicenter of Western frontier history" by local museum educator Bob Edwards. Buffalo's site, at the boundary between the Big Horn Mountains and the Northern High Plains, is not only historic but particularly beautiful, and it also provides superb grasslands for cattle and sheep ranching. Those industries, plus mining, lumbering, and tourism, make up the community's present-day economy.
Aladdin is located in northeast Crook County, in the far northeast corner of Wyoming. The town, the lowest settlement in the state at 3,749 feet, is surrounded by vast plains of waving grass, wooded mountains, and rolling hills. Coal mining brought the early families to the area and has since formed the histories and memories of the people who came and worked to build farms and ranches. Descendents of many of the original settlers still reside in the community, working and raising their families. Around Aladdin contains the stories and memories of those that came to make this part of Wyoming a place to call home for a long, long time.
Big Horn City
9780738581569
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Big Horn City was the first town established in 1881 in what later became Sheridan County, Wyoming. Nestled in the foothills of the Big Horn Mountains, it is no wonder the Crow and Sioux Indian tribes coveted the Little Goose Valley for its abundance of wild game. Sheridan County's first white resident and founder of the town of Big Horn City was Oliver Perry Hanna. Numerous immigrants soon found their way to Big Horn City along the Bozeman Trail to begin a new life. The Bozeman Trail Museum, which serves as a place for local families to share their collectibles, was a blacksmith shop on the Bozeman Trail.
South Pass City and the Sweetwater Mines
9780738588933
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In 1868, the Sweetwater Mines gold rush swept civilization into wilderness. Prospectors and miners swarmed gulches and hilltops in hopes of locating a new El Dorado. South Pass City, Atlantic City, and Miners Delight became local centers of commerce, governance, and social life. Thousands of new residents bolstered the political push to create Wyoming Territory. Soon, many proclaimed the district a humbug and moved on. Those who remained established a fresh existence where potential abounded in every experience. Their efforts ensured that the mines would boom again. ?For the first time, a history of the Sweetwater Mines, from their establishment to the present, is told through photographs from both private and public collections. Many of these images have never been published before. Here, historical records are mingled with accurate oral tradition in a blend of images and information that provides a broad view of South Pass City and the Sweetwater Mines. Jon Lane and Susan Layman are employed at South Pass City State Historic Site, and are members of the Friends of South Pass. Along with their coworkers, neighbors, and boosters of local history, they work to preserve and interpret the story of the Sweetwater Mines for others to learn from and enjoy.