Name: Leavenworth
Brand: Rose Kinney-Holck
SKU: 9780738581972
Price: 18.74 USD
Availability: InStock

Leavenworth

9780738581972

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Leavenworth, located in the central Cascades of Washington state, was once known as Icicle, and has been home to Native Americans, settlers, miners, railroad workers, and loggers. The native tribes came to this pristine and bountiful area to hunt game and fish for salmon. The promise of gold brought miners to Leavenworth, and once the Great Northern Railroad laid down its tracks in the late 1800s, the town moved from Icicle to its present location. The Lamb-Davis Lumber Company also built a sawmill in town, but when the railroad relocated its tracks and moved its hub to Wenatchee, the sawmill closed in 1926. The little boomtown in the Cascades went bust, but it was reinvented by its residents in the early 1960s with a Bavarian theme. The Bavarian premise of Leavenworth is still intact, and today the city draws around 2.5 million visitors annually.

The Long Beach Peninsula

9780738529950

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Jutting northward from the mouth of the Columbia River, the Long Beach Peninsula defines Washington's southwestern coastal geography. The picturesque blend of beach and forest along the river, Willapa Bay, and the Pacific Ocean was home to the Chinook Indians who first settled this region. European and American trade came to this area in the 18th century, opening the way for Lewis and Clark to explore and establish a land route to the Pacific. The region prospered because of its diverse natural resources and thriving fur trade. Today, a vibrant tourist industry fuels the Peninsula's continuing development.

The 1910 Wellington Disaster

9781467102735

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The town of Wellington was located by the Stevens Pass summit in the Cascade Mountains. During the last days of February in 1910, the snow was relentless in the Cascades, falling as much as one foot per hour and rising up to 20 feet deep in areas. Rotary plows could not keep the lines open as snow covered the railroad tracks almost immediately after being cleared. The Seattle Express, coming from Spokane, and a fast mail train were stranded just beyond the safety of the Cascade Tunnel, where they remained unmovable for almost a week under the snow packed mountains. On March 1, an avalanche swept away the tracks and passengers aboard the two trains as well as several of Wellington's buildings and homes. Almost 100 individuals were killed in just a few seconds, creating America's deadliest avalanche and train disaster in history. Today, the site is part of the Iron Goat Trail off Highway 2, east of Skykomish. The snowshed, the abandoned original Cascade Tunnel, and various scraps of the trains left in the ravine are the only evidence that remain of Wellington, its long-forgotten inhabitants, or the disaster.

Cover image for The 1910 Wellington Disaster, isbn: 9781467102735

Walla Walla

9780738528793

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Nestled at the foot of the Blue Mountains in the southeastern corner of Washington State, the area that would become Walla Walla was the home of the Cayuse, Umatilla, Walla Walla, and Nez Perce Indians. Fur traders and missionaries began to carve out settlements in the early 1800s, but with the lure of nearby gold in the 1860s, the landscape was soon dominated by commercial, banking, and manufacturing enterprises. As the boom ended, the resilient residents of Walla Walla turned to farming, and today, sweet onions, wheat, grapes, and other agricultural products continue to play an important role in the local economy and the community's unique identity.

Seattle's Waterfront

9781467130523

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Seattle's waterfront has served as a central hub for people, transportation, and commerce since time immemorial. A low natural shoreline provided the Duwamish-Suquamish people with excellent canoe access to permanent villages and seasonal fishing camps. High bluffs served as a sacred place for tribal members' final journey to the spirit world. When the first settlers arrived in the 1850s, Seattle's shoreline began to change drastically. Emerald hills covered with dense forests were logged for timber to make way for the new city. As time passed, Seattle constructed a log seawall, wooden sidewalks, wharfs, buildings, streets, railroad trestles, and eventually, a massive concrete viaduct over the original aquatic lands, changing the natural environment to a built environment. Today, Seattle's shoreline continues to change as the city demolishes the viaduct, rebuilds the seawall, and creates an inviting new waterfront that all will enjoy for generations to come.

Kent

9781467162227

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What began as a small farming community has grown into one of the fastest developing cities in the Pacific Northwest. Kent, Washington is a part of the White River Valley, about 7.5 miles south of Seattle and 18 miles northeast of Tacoma.

Situated between the two ports, Kent is in an advantageous position for trade and development. It was named after the county in England for its shared history of growing hops. Due to frequent flooding, the rich soil was good for growing a variety of crops. The hills on either side of the valley were abundant in red cedar; the logging and farming opportunities made the land a popular spot for white pioneers to set out to make their fortunes. Within the last 50 years, both Boeing and Amazon have built facilities in the city.

Rachel E. Friedland has lived in Kent for over 20 years. She has a bachelors degree in history from Pacific Lutheran University in Tacoma, Washington, and a certificate in museum studies from Northwestern University in Chicago, Illinois. She has been an educator for five years and a volunteer at the Greater Kent Historical Society. Compiled from images from the Greater Kent Historical Society, the Museum of History and Industry, and the White River Valley Historical Museum, this book is a visual journey through the rich history of Kent.

Cover image for Kent, isbn: 9781467162227

Bellevue

9781467131599

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Bellevue has grown, in just a few generations, from a small farming town into an important urban center and economic hub, with the foundations for this success being laid in the two decades following World War II. The opening of the Mercer Island floating bridge, in 1940, promoted the settlement of the lands to the east of Lake Washington during the population and housing boom of the 1950s and 1960s, and Bellevue became the primary commercial center for these vibrant new communities. Families flocked to the shiny subdivisions, with new schools, shopping centers, churches, and parks springing up right behind. But it was strong political, business, and civic leadership that kept Bellevue from being just another sprawling suburb. As business began to push outward from Seattle, Bellevue was able to grow gracefully and preserve its sense of place. It remains a wonderful community for families from around the globe and a place that longtime residents are reluctant to leave.

Grand Coulee Dam

9780738556123

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Washington's Grand Coulee is an ice-age channel that carried the Columbia River when ice dammed its main course. Grand Coulee was long recognized as an ideal place to store Columbia River water to irrigate the arid but fertile Columbia Basin. A dam was proposed as early as 1903, but opposition by Spokane private power interests and the cost of the dam delayed design and construction until the administration of Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt. Roosevelt, a public power advocate, used the Grand Coulee Dam project to help put the unemployed to work. The result was the world's largest man-made structure, and also the world's largest power plant, costing more than $163 million and the lives of at least 72 workers. The dam powered production of aluminum, atomic weapons, shipbuilding, and much more, contributing mightily to America's victory in World War II. Postwar developments provided irrigation for 700,000 acres of farmland.

Moses Lake

9780738596242

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Moses Lake stands out as the "boomtown" of Grant County. A period of exponential growth began in the 1940s as the result of water and air power. Moses Lake sits at the heart of the Columbia Basin Project, a monumental irrigation system controlled by Grand Coulee Dam supplying water to over half a million acres. Activation of the Moses Lake Army Air Base (later Larson Air Force Base) during World War II added to the population boom of more than 3,600 percent by 1960. Originally barriers to the success of early agriculture, warm summer temperatures and low annual rainfall make Moses Lake an attractive recreational destination for water sports, fishing, and hunting. From the pioneering days of gasoline-powered pump irrigation to the phenomenal success of modern irrigated farms, water has played the pivotal role in Moses Lake's Cinderella story of agricultural empire in an otherwise arid desert.

Port Townsend

9780738556222

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On Washington's Olympic Peninsula, at the entrance to Puget Sound, the Port Townsend of the 1850s was perfectly situated for sailing vessels. By 1880, thousands of ships from all over the world were passing through. Optimistic investors sought fortunes in shipping, logging, lumber mills, and land speculation. While commerce flourished at sea level, citizens built fine homes, churches, schools, clubs, a respectable shopping district, and parks uptown on the bluff. The settlers of this lovely seaport enjoyed rich cultural and social lives. Port Townsend went bust after the anticipated railroad failed to arrive. It remained largely frozen in time without economic motivation to tear down and replace its fine Victorian architecture. It wasn't until the 1970s that the beautiful setting and buildings were discovered by artists, hippies, preservationists, and, later, tourists and retirees. The town is now a thriving arts and cultural community, still beautiful, still small and remote.

Camano Island

9780738531359

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Camano Island is one of dozens of islands in Puget Sound once covered with immense stands of Douglas fir and Western red cedar. Beginning in 1858, and while the Civil War raged half a continent away, a large mill operated at the northern end of the island where the tall ships anchored to take away spars, pilings, and lumber for export abroad. The mill closed in 1891, and small logging companies took the rest of the big trees over the years. Once a bridge was built in 1909, Camano became the "island you can drive to" for a fishing trip, hunting outing, or a vacation cabin within a few hours of Seattle. In the rain shadow of the Olympic Mountains, Camano has become home to thousands of newcomers who enjoy spectacular panoramic views of the
Cascade and Olympic Mountain Ranges from Mount Baker to Mount Rainier.

Vanishing Seattle

9780738548692

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Though Seattle is still a young city, growing and changing, much of its short past is already lost-but not forgotten. Generations of Seattleites have fond memories of restaurants, local television shows, stores, and other landmarks that evoke a less sophisticated, more informal city. This new book explores Seattle at a time when timber and fish were more lucrative than airplanes and computers, when the city was a place of kitschy architecture and homespun humor and was full of boundless hope for a brighter future. These rare and vintage images hearken back to the marvels of the 1962 World's Fair, shopping trips to Frederick & Nelson and I. Magnin, dinners at Rosellini's, dancing at the Trianon Ballroom, traveling on the ferry Kalakala, rooting for baseball's Rainiers, and local personalities including Stan Boreson, J. P. Patches, and Wunda Wunda.

Cover image for Vanishing Seattle, isbn: 9780738548692

Early Spokane

9780738581453

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Spokan Falls, known as the Capital of the Inland Empire, was named after the Spokan Indians and the picturesque falls. In 1891, the name was changed to Spokane. The town thrived as a result of the abundant waters of the Spokane River, which powered saw and grain mills, and lured major transcontinental railways to Spokane in 1881. In 1889, a fire destroyed the downtown area, but like a forest after a fire, the town enjoyed growth and resurgence soon after. Spokane would attract people as diverse as Pres. Theodore Roosevelt, Calamity Jane, Billy Sunday, and Charles Lindbergh. Easterners found that its four seasons and profusion of scenic city parks gave them a place to ensure their destiny.

Cover image for Early Spokane, isbn: 9780738581453

Olympic Mountains

9780738580227

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The Olympic Mountains rise up from the sea with moss-draped forests growing right to the water's edge. Glaciers crown steep slopes while alpine meadows and lush valleys teem with elk, deer, cougars, bears, and species known nowhere else on earth. The Olympic National Park was created in 1938 to protect the grandeur of the Olympic Mountains. The rugged coastal area was added in 1953. To further protect this remnant of wild America, Congress designated 95 percent of the park as the Olympic Wilderness in 1988. Today it is recognized as a United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Site and one of the most popular wilderness destinations in North America. It is a place that changed the people who would conquer it. Farmers gave up; miners found no riches; loggers reforested. Tourism came early and endures.

Legendary Locals of the Long Beach Peninsula

9781467100595

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Geographic isolation, abundant natural resources, and the challenging climate of Washington's Long Beach Peninsula have shaped the strong character, individuality, and creativity of those who live there--from the First Peoples of the Chinook Nation to the eclectic, ever-growing population of the 21st century. Along the Columbia River, the salmon industry has spawned leaders such as P.J. McGowan, John Kola, and Jessie Marchand. On Willapa Bay, oyster workers and cranberry growers like Meinert Wachsmuth, Ira Murakami, Charles Nelson, Jim Crowley, and Malcolm McPhail have struggled to understand and protect their fragile environment. Entrepreneurs like John Morehead, Mary Lou Mandel, Keleigh Schwartz; legislator Sid Snyder; surf rescuer Doug Knutzen; and artist Eric Wiegardt have each played a role in shaping this unique area. Legendary Locals of the Long Beach Peninsula chronicles the generations of inhabitants who have celebrated the distinctiveness of their communities even as they have endeavored to cooperate in sculpting their future.

Legendary Locals of the Long Beach Peninsula

Maritime Seattle

9780738520643

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Seattle grew from pioneer settlement to bustling metropolis, its waterfront evolving from a marsh to a thriving complex of industrial sites on both salt and fresh water. This pictorial history weaves the story of the evolution of the Seattle and King County waterfronts through photographs, images, and maps as it develops from marsh to container terminal. Beginning in 1850 with the pre-canal era, here are the lumber mills, local freight and passenger transportation, coastal and ocean shipping, the shipyards, and the stories of significant figures in the history of Seattle's waterfront. Shown also is how the rapid growth of the shipyard facilities was counterbalanced with the development of the labor movement. The forging of this shipping epicenter is captured here in over 200 vintage photographs.

The Manhattan Project at Hanford Site

9781467134446

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The Manhattan Project at Hanford Site describes the top-secret effort undertaken during World War II to develop a weapon never imagined at Site W or Hanford Engineer Works, one of three sites selected in the United States (plus Los Alamos and Oak Ridge) to research and produce weapons that were ultimately used to bomb Hiroshima and Nagasaki and end World War II. It was a research and engineering feat of unimaginable proportion, and the total project cost for all three sites was $2.1 billion—an unthinkable amount for a country that was coming out of the Great Depression. It is a story of gumption, resolve, tenacity, patriotism, pride, and selflessness for the thousands of people who worked multiple shifts, seven days a week, in a hot, dry, and desolate desert, never knowing what they were working on. It is a tribute to American resolve in the face of overwhelming adversity.

Vanishing Vancouver

9781467130301

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Stretching along the north shore of the Columbia River, Vancouver, Washington, is the gateway to the state of Washington. Beginning as a wilderness outpost for the Hudson's Bay Company, Vancouver has seen many, often rapid changes. In its early years as an Army town, Vancouver attracted settlers seeking the security of the military. Farms and orchards prospered. Shipyards and the defense industry brought explosive growth during both world wars, each followed by a devastating slump. New highways and bridges brought more growth through the last half of the 20th century. The city grew to the north and the east. Through all the changes, the resiliency of the city and its people shone through, and as changes alter the present-day city, that tradition is certain to continue.

Oysterville

9780738580760

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For generations, Chinook Indians camped in the area that is now Oysterville, gathering oysters from the shallow waters of Shoalwater Bay. When tribal elder "Old Klickeas" introduced two young adventurers, Robert Hamilton Espy and Isaac Alonzo Clark, to the oyster treasure, the pioneer boom years began. Oysters were marketed in gold-rich, oyster-hungry San Francisco, where a plateful sold for $50. Within months, there were several hundred settlers, and in 1855, Oysterville was chosen as the seat of Pacific County, Washington Territory. Oysterville had many county firsts: a school, a college, a newspaper, a post office, and a church--but never a bank. When schooners arrived to pick up their oyster cargoes, oystermen were paid in gold coin that then might be buried or stashed under floorboards for safekeeping. Often there was more gold in Oysterville than in any town on the West Coast except San Francisco. Today the peaceful vistas along the lanes and shoreline of the village belie its tumultuous history. Oysterville was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

Lake Chelan Valley

9780738570662

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A jewel nestled in the Cascade Mountains, fjord-like Lake Chelan is known today for its recreational opportunities, prominence in the apple industry, and up-and-coming wineries. This 55-mile-long lake, walled by cliffs for much of its length, was part of the traditional hunting, fishing, and gathering lands of several Native American tribes, including the Chelan Indians. The first European explorers arrived in 1811 seeking fur trade routes. Settlement began in earnest about 1886 with land allotments and homestead claims for the Chelan and Entiat Indians. Mining, logging, hydropower, the establishment of the Chelan town site, and the development of a lake ferry system followed. Generations of colorful characters appear in the history of the valley: trappers and miners, early entrepreneurs, and boat captains who piloted the steamers that served as the highway of the valley. All are part of the fabric of the Lake Chelan Valley today.

Vashon-Maury Island

9780738574998

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Vashon-Maury Island lies between Seattle and Tacoma and is connected to the mainland by the Washington State Ferries. The bridge proposed in the 1950s and 1960s did not materialize, which helped retain the island's isolation and rural lifestyle. Like other Puget Sound islands, its original economy was based on logging, fishing, brick-making, and agriculture, especially its strawberries. Island industries included the largest dry dock on the West Coast, shipbuilding, and ski manufacturing. Distinct from the other islands, Vashon-Maury is the only one whose major town is not on the water. Originally inhabited for thousands of years by the S'Homamish people, the island's first white settler arrived in 1865. Today, 145 years later, the population is more than 11,000.

West Seattle

9780738581330

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The idea of a big city named New York Alki began in 1851 with the arrival of the Bell, Low, Denny, Boren, and Terry families on a Puget Sound shore. Since that rough beginning, logging, farming, shipbuilding, fishing, steel manufacturing, trolleys, and bridges have shaped the area's people and built communities. Beaches on Puget Sound and a river leading inside the country have defined the Duwamish Peninsula. In 1907, long having discarded the misfit name New York, the town of West Seattle was annexed into Seattle. Being the largest landmass annexed to Seattle brought advantages while West Seattle's neighborhood distinction and independent spirit remained.

Cover image for West Seattle, isbn: 9780738581330

Soap Lake

9780738596518

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Soap Lake is located in eastern Washington at the southern end of the Lower Grand Coulee. Carved by the erosive forces of cataclysmic floods, the lake paints a serene portrait across a landscape framed with rugged basalt cliffs and talus slopes. After thousands of years, groundwater leaching through hundreds of feet of basalt created the lake, which has a high concentration of sulfate, carbonate, bicarbonate, sodium, and chloride and a pH at or close to 10.0. Prior to the development of penicillin and sulfa drugs in the 1940s, Soap Lake became widely known for the healing quality of its waters, attracting thousands of visitors each summer, some of whom arrived on stretchers at the nearby train station.

Sequim-Dungeness Valley

9781467134040

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Mastodons roamed the plains of Sequim and Dungeness in the years following the recession of the Cordilleran ice sheets. Millennia later, the villages of S'Klallam were home to those who saw settlers disembarking on the periphery of coastal wilderness. Ancient stands of spruce, cedar, and fir fell in the 1800s, clearing the land for agriculture. By the 1900s, the region exported wheat, potatoes, hay, and oats and became prime dairy land. This compilation of historic photographs illustrates the area's history from the 1800s to 1930 and is complimented by information from archival documents sequestered in historical collections throughout the Puget Sound and at the Museum and Arts Archive in Sequim.

Seattle's Green Lake

9780738548517

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Discovered in 1855, Green Lake has been an essential feature within Seattle's distinctive juxtaposition of landscape architecture and urban expansion, providing recreation and community focus for the last 150 years. Named after the persistent algae bloom that still occurs, the lake is a valuable natural landmark at the center of a neighborhood in transition, and its past is threaded with tenacious organizations and ambitious individuals. From its first homesteader, Erhart "Green Lake John" Saifried, to the vision of the Olmsted brothers, from Guy Phinney's menagerie to the triumph and tragedy of Helene Madison, from ice-skating to the Aqua Follies, this broad collection of vintage images illustrates a bygone era and provides a unique perspective on community values and ecological struggle.

Maritime Olympia and South Puget Sound

9781467125352

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This engaging pictorial history traces the evolution of South Puget Sound from the provider of rich resources for the First Nations to Olympia's role as an important international seaport. The estuary was named Puget's Sound after Lt. Peter Puget, of British captain George Vancouver's 1792 exploration of the region. The capital city of Olympia was a frequent stop for Mosquito Fleet steamers a century ago and has evolved into a major port for the worldwide export of timber. Today, people enjoy Olympia as a vibrant, modern seaport with many recreational opportunities.

Cover image for Maritime Olympia and South Puget Sound, isbn: 9781467125352

Point No Point

9781467103053

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The US Lighthouse Board established Point No Point Light Station in 1879 to aid ships navigating to and from Puget Sound and the emerging port cities of Seattle and Tacoma. But the point was long an important place: a landmark for Coast Salish peoples traveling by water to fishing sites and for trade; a thriving community led by Suquamish leader ?al?q?m (pronounced "Challacum"); the site of the 1855 treaty signing that made a large swath of western Washington available for nonnative settlement; and an important foraging ground for fish, migratory birds, and sea mammals. Today, Point No Point is part of the larger community of Hansville on Washington's Kitsap Peninsula. Coast Salish peoples still fish here, and Point No Point Lighthouse remains an important aid to navigation. Fish, migratory birds, and sea mammals still regularly feed here on nutrients brought in from the ocean by powerful tidal currents. And residents and visitors alike are drawn to the point's beaches and breathtaking views.

Pullman

9780738581040

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Located at the confluence of three creeks, amid the rich agricultural soil of Eastern Washington's Palouse region, Pullman seemed destined to flourish. From its founding in the 1880s, growth was spurred by the discovery of artesian wells, its selection as the location of the State Agricultural College, and the building of rail lines through the town. Pullman, named for railroad car manufacturer George Pullman, became a thriving center of commerce, agriculture, and education. Today Pullman remains a vibrant commercial agricultural center, built upon wheat, peas, and lentils, with a downtown nestled among four hills. Pullman is home to cutting edge technology companies and a major research institution, Washington State University. Its rich heritage in agriculture, education, and technology guarantees its future as a highly successful 21st century city.

Gig Harbor

9780738596020

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Gig Harbor, located in southern Puget Sound, received its name from the Wilkes Expedition in 1841. History indicates that the captain's gig led the expedition into this small harbor during a storm that came up quite suddenly, hence the name, "Gig." Following the Native Americans, the early settlers were fishermen, farmers, boatbuilders, and lumbermen. Gig Harbor was dependent mostly upon land and water travel until 1940, when the first Narrows Bridge was built; however, it collapsed in less than a year after being built. The replacement bridge was not completed until 1950, but with its construction, Gig Harbor grew very quickly and became a bedroom district of Tacoma and the greater Puget Sound area. Fishing remains one of the mainstays of Gig Harbor commerce, although there are presently no sawmills or lumber mills in the area.

Tacoma Curiosities

9781467135535

$21.99 $16.49 Save 25%

When the Northern Pacific Railroad laid its final tracks within the fledgling hamlet of Tacoma, it brought opportunity and wild characters by the car full. Seemingly overnight, the quiet Puget Sound village transformed into a booming metropolis and eccentric playground with its fair share of growing pains. On one unlucky evening, residents awoke to the cries of a man who fell into the sewers after a road collapsed. Tacoma's first school avoided demolition for a time thanks to a band of enterprising tramps who converted the place of learning into Hotel de Gink, complete with unique minstrel show. Local author and guide Karla Stover explores these and many more stories of the quixotic and curious history of the City of Destiny.

Cover image for Tacoma Curiosities, isbn: 9781467135535

Richland

9780738520612

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The Columbia Basin was dusted only with sagebrush and bunchgrass before settlers harnessed the power of the mighty Columbia River. With irrigation came the small town of Richland, and its sister towns of White Bluffs and Hanford. On the advent of U.S. involvement in the Second World War, Richland was discovered by government scientists. Breaking ground in March of 1943, through one of the fastest-built government operations ever, the first nuclear reactor went "critical" in September of that year. Most of the workers did not understand what they had produced until after Nagasaki was destroyed. The local paper announced, "Peace! Our Bomb Clinched It!" This book, the first to cover the history of the small town that played a part in one of the most earth-shattering events of United States history, captures the people and events that have shaped Richland's character, including the Flood of 1948, the Atomic Frontier Days Festival, the relocation of the town to make way for the Hanford site's construction camp, and pictures gathered from Richland Bomber alumni.

Tugboat Sand Man

9781467162029

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For over a century, the Olympia harbor tugboat Sand Man has worked on Puget Sound waters.

Built in Tacoma in 1910, Sand Man towed such commodities as sand, gravel, oysters, logs, and more to and from Budd Inlet. The tugboat was owned by three commercial companies and one private owner. In 1997, the Sand Man Foundation formed, took ownership, and placed Sand Man on multiple historic registries. Through fundraising efforts, the deteriorating Sand Man was miraculously saved and rebuilt after three sinkings. Over the years, the vessel participated in many Olympia Harbor Days activities and vintage tugboat races and was the festival’s first logo boat in 1983. Sand Man, a workhorse and survivor, is known as “Olympia’s Tugboat.” This is the story of Sand Man, the little tug that could and did.

Lisa Nickel grew up boating on Puget Sound in her family’s own tugboat. She holds a master’s degree in creative arts and learning. After retiring from a 30-year teaching career, she is now the author of multiple magazine articles. She received the 2022 Algona Great Blue Heron Award for her dedication to her teaching career, partnership in science education, and charter lead educator of the Algona Blue Heron Community Gardens. Maritime historian Chuck Fowler’s previous publications include Arcadia Publishing’s Tall Ships on Puget Sound, Tugboats on Puget Sound, and Patrol and Rescue Boats on Puget Sound, as well as Exploring Maritime Washington, published by The History Press.

Cover image for Tugboat Sand Man, isbn: 9781467162029

Shelton

9780738571263

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There were other settlers on the westernmost shores of Puget Sound when David Shelton arrived in 1854. Development was slow, but by 1888, Shelton's claim prevailed to become the hub of commerce and the seat of Mason County. The town welcomed "all who were willing to work," promoted journalist Grant C. Angle. Shelton became the headquarters for the Simpson Timber Company and a research center for Rayonier, Inc. Shellfish growers shipped oysters across the country. Strong fellowships were built through churches and organizations such as the Masons, and celebrations like the Fourth of July and the Forest Festival. The surrounding forests and waters provided work and recreation, but the town of Shelton gave its residents a sense of community.

Early Ballard

9780738548173

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The first land claim in what would become the city of Ballard was made in 1852, but it wasn't until a ship captain named William Rankin Ballard lost a bet with a business partner and found himself the owner of 160 acres of seemingly worthless land that the city prospered and became the "Shingle Capital of the World." Incorporated in 1890, Ballard grew quickly, thanks to shingle and lumber mills and the Scandinavian fishing fleet. When a horse was supposedly found in the city water supply in 1906, reluctant Ballardites voted to be annexed to the city of Seattle, and the flag flew at half-staff at Ballard City Hall. Home to the Nordic Heritage Museum, Chittenden Locks, and the fishing fleet, this bustling city-within-a-city still retains its unique Scandinavian flavor to this day.

Hood Canal

9780738548012

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Fjord-like Hood Canal channels beneath the snowcapped Olympic National Park, creating a summer paradise of warm days and inspiring scenery as well as a haven for marine life and watercraft. For eons, Twana Indians crisscrossed in canoes that sliced through water like salmon. The canal's first tourist, Captain Vancouver, sailed a launch down the scenic route in 1792. For the next century, a mosquito fleet of tugboats, stern-wheelers, fishing boats, and barges ferried the men who came for logging or land. By 1889, lumberman and legislator John McReavy promoted Union City as "Venice of
the Pacific." In the 20th century, canal use shifted from logging to recreation as wealthy Easterners, San Francisco expatriates, and artists founded hunting lodges, fishing resorts, and even an artist colony. The Navy Yard Highway introduced automobile tourism, and new resorts, including Alderbrook, soon dotted the shoreline. After World War II, families bought summer homes and ski boats. Now, in the 21st
century, kayaks and personal watercraft skim across the waters, and the canal is more popular than ever.

Lakewood

9780738530451

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The 20-square-mile expanse of picturesque lakes and Douglas fir groves in which Lakewood is nestled was first known as "The Prairie," a vital crossroads between the Columbia River Gorge and Vancouver, British Columbia, for British fur traders and Native Americans. Fort Steilacoom became a stronghold of American interests before, during, and after the Indian War of 1855-1856 and was a crucible for men who would figure prominently in the Civil War. The prairie and the Lakes District later grew into a playground for Tacoma's wealthy. On one end of Lakewood, racers
such as Barney Oldfield and Eddie Rickenbacker entertained tens of thousands; while on the other end, health care professionals at Western State Hospital sought answers to mental illness. Lakewood still boasts the first golf club in the West--the Tacoma Country and Golf Club--and the internationally known Lakewold Gardens.

Lake Washington:

9780738531069

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Lake Washington is among the most spectacular urban water bodies in the world. From Kirkland through Bellevue to Kennydale, the lake has shaped and defined the communities that hug its eastern shore for nearly 150 years,
and the activities along the shore have, in turn, shaped the lake. Cities on the lake's east side evolved from native villages into homesteads, farms, and mining settlements by the 1880s as pioneer families immigrated to Washington. With the advent of the innovative Lake Washington Floating
Bridge in 1940, the wooden ferries that plied their trade on the lake faded into memory, and the eastern shore changed from a rural landscape of strawberry farms and horse trails to the upscale urban towns and neighborhoods evident today.

Brief History of Vashon Island, A

9781626191693

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Reachable only by ferry, Vashon Island is a breathtaking rural retreat from the bustling activity of nearby Seattle and Tacoma. The island's first inhabitants, the sx̌ʷəbabš, took advantage of its evergreen forests and rich marine resources. In 1792, George Vancouver was the first Anglo to discover the island and named it after Captain James Vashon. By the late 1800s, the first white settlers had established farms and greenhouses that supplied nearby cities with berries, tomatoes and cucumbers. Ferries drove development in the later half of the century, introducing new industries and tourism to the area. While both influenced by and isolated from the mainland, the island developed its own unique character treasured by locals. Merging human and natural history, author Bruce Haulman presents the rich heritage of this thriving community.

Cover image for Brief History of Vashon Island, A, isbn: 9781626191693

Poulsbo

9781467130325

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Poulsbo is one of the earliest communities on Washington's Olympic Peninsula. Founded in 1883, it quickly became the destination place for Scandinavian immigrants looking for a fjord-like setting where they could farm, fish, and flourish in a climate more user-friendly than either their homeland or America's Midwest. The village on Liberty Bay is home to the oldest Lutheran church on the Olympic Peninsula. It was also the homeport for the Pacific Coast Codfish Company, at one time the largest codfish supplier on the Pacific coast. While motorized fishing boats and pleasure craft of all types have replaced the three-masted schooners of yore, Poulsbo today still cherishes its Scandinavian heritage with Syttende Mai, Midsommarfest, and Julefest. The local bakery put Poulsbo on the map in the 1970s with the development of Poulsbo Bread, now sold worldwide; however, the town's most unique claim remains its name--the result of a spelling error.

Tacoma's Salmon Beach

9780738531083

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Perched on the shores of the Tacoma Narrows, the community of Salmon Beach overlooks the spectacular Tacoma Narrows Bridge. Built as a series of fishing shacks on the beach, Salmon Beach took on a more permanent

flavor after Henry O. Foss towed his two-story boathouse from the city to the tidelands south of Point Defiance. After electricity was introduced in 1934, more comfortable cottages were built in this fishing community. From summer beach camping to an isolated refuge in the middle of a city, a haven for rumrunners during Prohibition to the counterculture enclave of the 1960s, the community of Salmon Beach has weathered fires, evictions, landslides,

and government caprice to become the unique neighborhood of Tacoma it is today.

Ocean Shores

9780738580456

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Ocean Shores was the newest city in Washington for nearly 40 years, but for centuries before it had been a place of permanent occupation and food gathering for Native American tribes and a place for sea otter hunters, pioneers, and settlers to reach the interior of the Olympic Peninsula. Before Ocean Shores, there was the dream of a town called Cedarville followed by the reality of Lone Tree with its post office and 200 residents. Point Brown Peninsula was a village of survival for Polynesian Kanakas, Finns living on the edge of society, migrant workers called Bluebills, and a Hooverville for Depression-era families. After World War II, when developers first conceived of creating a "Venice of the West," many said their dream would never last. However, in 1970, Ocean Shores became a city and today has entered its 50th year of development.

Bellingham

9781467132756

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Bellingham is known as the city of subdued excitement, but it was not always this way. From its discovery by a British naval captain to its coal, lumber, and fish industries and to its riots and social movements, Bellingham has had quite a rich and sometimes controversial past. Starting out as four separate towns, it took the leadership of a few and the work of many to bring a community together and create one of Washington's secret masterpieces.

Snoqualmie Valley

9781467162449

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For thousands of years, the Snoqualmie Valley has been a home for the Snoqualmie people. Share in the experience of the arrival of settlers from around the world, walking through history to observe the collision of cultures as the valley continues to evolve and change. What existed and what has been will be our future generations’ mission to carry forward. Steeped in heritage, rugged and pastoral beauty, arts, and shared culture, the majestic Snoqualmie River Valley is a national treasure we work to preserve. It forms a third of the Mountains to Sound Greenway National Heritage Area. This collection of photographs and archive materials introduces the rich history of the communities in the Snoqualmie Valley.

This book was created as a collaboration between the Snoqualmie Indian Tribe, Snoqualmie Valley Museum, Fall City Historical Society, Tolt Historical Society at Carnation, Duvall Historical Society, and local community members. Each organization works tirelessly to collect, preserve, and share our communities’ histories. Proceeds from the sale of this book will support these efforts.

Cover image for Snoqualmie Valley, isbn: 9781467162449

Cemeteries of Seattle

9780738548135

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A fascinating story exists just below Seattle's surface, buried in the city's many historic cemeteries. Founded in 1872 on land acquired from Doc Maynard, Lake View Cemetery holds the remains of one of Seattle's favorite sons, Bruce Lee, whose son Brandon Lee is buried beside him. Maynard is also buried here, along with most of the Seattle pioneers, including the Dennys, Borens, Maynards, Yeslers, and Morans. Princess Angeline, Chief Sealth's daughter, was buried here in a canoe-shaped coffin, and Madame Damnable's remains supposedly turned to stone. Evergreen-Washelli Cemetery, founded in 1884 by the Denny family, contains Judge Thomas Burke, known as "the man who built Seattle"; a Veterans' Memorial Cemetery dating from the Civil War; and two cannons from the USS Constitution, famously nicknamed "Old Ironsides." Mount Pleasant Cemetery, founded in 1883 in Queen Anne, is the final resting place of the labor martyrs of the Everett Massacre and William Bell, of Belltown fame. Remembrance benches for Nirvana's Kurt Cobain and Jimi Hendrix's memorial are also local landmarks.

Seattle-Everett Interurban Railway

9780738580197

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Operating for 29 years, the Seattle-Everett Interurban Trolley traveled over 29 miles of rail carrying passengers and freight to nearly 30 stops along its line. In the first decade of the 1900s, the Boston electrical engineering firm of Stone and Webster had designs of building an interurban electric railway system that would eventually connect Olympia, Washington, and Vancouver, British Columbia. To start the Seattle north link, they purchased the existing Seattle-Everett Interurban Railway Company from Fred E. Sander in 1908. On the early morning of April 30, 1910, the Seattle-Everett Interurban Trolley made its inaugural run, starting in Everett. On February 20, 1939, the trolley left Everett for its last run.

Chehalis

9780738576039

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After Schuyler and Eliza Saunders staked out property in 1851, early pioneers referred to the soggy Chehalis River bottomland as "Saunders Bottom." The community of Claquato on a nearby hillside became a busy way station for travelers but only until enterprising businessmen like William West repeatedly flagged down passing trains, prompting railroad officials to establish a depot at Chehalis. Following an economic boom in the 1880s, fires in 1892 destroyed much of the business district. Chehalis thrived in the 1920s, suffered during the Depression, and built parts for B-17 bombers in a Boeing Company plant during World War II. An early-1950s Adventure in Cooperation forged even stronger community bonds, leading to the formation of the Chehalis Industrial Commission. Today, Chehalis has thriving retail and industrial areas and a renovated downtown promoted by members of the Chehalis Community Renaissance Team.

Mount Vernon

9780738596075

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On the banks of the Skagit River in the late 1800s, an untamed wilderness was settled by Jasper Gates. He was followed by Harrison Clothier and Edward English, who had a vision for a new town. But before the city of Mount Vernon could become a reality, the early settlers would have to use simple tools and pure determination to clear two ancient logjams that prohibited travel up the river. Once the river was navigable, the logging industry could flourish, which, in turn, cleared fertile lands that would support world-class farming and culminate in a booming dairy industry. Eventually, Mount Vernon would be referred to as "Milk City." The area was a top seed producer as well as the site for food processing and canning. Today, it is best known for bulb and flower growing; every April, hundreds of thousands of people journey to view the spectacular flower fields.

Seattle's Pioneer Square

9780738571447

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Seattle's Pioneer Square--home of "Underground Seattle," the great 1889 fire, and once the provisioner of supplies for gold seekers during the Klondike gold rush--is today a destination for millions of locals and visitors each year. This was the homeland of Chief Sealth's Duwamish and Suquamish tribes prior to the arrival of new settlers in the 1850s, though the area's landscape and shoreline are drastically different today. Doc Maynard, Arthur Denny, and Henry Yesler, among others, were catalysts who created much of the social, economic, and environmental change that established Seattle as the largest city in the region. Pioneer Square, located on the shores of Puget Sound's Elliott Bay, is Seattle's oldest neighborhood.

True Tales of Puget Sound

9781467139694

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From the shores of Gig Harbor to the slopes of Mount Rainier, the towns surrounding Puget Sound all have incredible stories to share. How did Old Fort Nisqually, now perched on a lofty bluff above Tacoma, move twenty-two miles from its original 1843 site in DuPont? Did Eatonville's copper-infused paint inspire the phrase painting the town red? Read about the famed Pie Goddess of Enumclaw and about a cookbook compiled by Emma Smith DeVoe of Parkland that included helpful tips from suffragettes. Join author Dorothy Wilhelm, of the television show My Home Town, as she explores these beloved town tales and uncovers the rest of the story.

Cover image for True Tales of Puget Sound, isbn: 9781467139694

Seattle's Beacon Hill

9780738528618

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Ride the trolley up the ridge of Beacon Hill and discover one of South Seattle's most interesting districts. Unique among Seattle neighborhoods, Beacon Hill is a community where immigrants from all over the globe have settled side by side for over 100 years. This new book tells the story of the people and businesses of Beacon Hill in vintage photographs, the majority of which date before World War II. Readers will learn about the immigrants who worked on farms, opened shops, and labored in shipyards, the building of Jefferson Park, as well as the activism and political struggles that shaped the Beacon Hill neighborhood.

Cover image for Seattle's Beacon Hill, isbn: 9780738528618

Downtown Tacoma

9780738570020

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In 1873, the Northern Pacific Railroad selected the south shore of Commencement Bay as the terminus of its transcontinental line. Connected to, but independent of the railroad, the Tacoma Land Company created a city adjacent to the terminus. By the early years of the 20th century, downtown Tacoma was the place to go for a wide array of activities from retail shopping and government activity to entertainment. Streetcars, and then automobiles, contributed to the ever-changing vitality of people and place. After the late 1960s, when developers constructed a mall south of the central core, city planners created a new type of urban experience centered on amenities designed to lure tourists and Tacomans alike.

San Juan Island

9780738581477

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With sheltered harbors, open prairies, and secluded woodlands, San Juan Island has been a magnet for human habitation for thousands of years. Salmon runs and rich soil promised not only an abundant food source but also a good living for those willing to work hard. But it was not until the islands became the focus of an international boundary dispute between Great Britain and the United States in the late 1850s that San Juan Island drew the attention of Europeans and Americans. These newcomers watched how Coast Salish and Northwest Coast peoples harvested natural resources and adapted their techniques. Settlers and Indians sometimes intermarried, and many of their descendants remain to this day. San Juan Islanders of all generations have worked hard to preserve their home, thus maintaining a sense of place that is as evident today as it was when the first canoes came ashore.

Coupeville

9780738588957

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The second-oldest town in Washington is Coupeville, founded in 1853. Until the white settlement of the 1850s, the Lower Skagit Indians lived in four villages on Penn Cove, fishing and gathering plentiful plants and berries. Sea captains, such as Capt. Thomas Coupe, were drawn to the area's deepwater port and the opportunities it offered to transport timber from surrounding forests. At the same time, pioneer farmers, like Isaac Ebey, marveled at the rich soil of nearby Ebey's Prairie, where they planted crops and wrote to friends and relatives, inviting them to come and share the bounty. Together, captains of the sea and soil created a town of distinctive Victorian houses and enterprising businesses that inhabitants and visitors enjoy today.

Yakima Valley Transportation Company

9780738581033

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The National Register of Historic Places lists the Yakima Valley Transportation Company (YVT) as the last intact early 20th century electric interurban railroad in America. From its beginning in 1907, the YVT was no quitter, surviving a takeover by the Union Pacific, large financial losses as the last trolley railroad in Washington state, attempts at dieselization, and a concerted effort to put the company in its grave. Thanks to the efforts of local preservationists, YVT trolleys are still in operation. The railroad and its infrastructure never changed. What is seen today is what was built 100 years ago--a living slice of history. Images of Rail: Yakima Valley Transportation Company is the most authoritative chronicle of the famous YVT yet compiled.

Big Bend Railroads

9781467132534

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The Big Bend area had its start with a land grant given by President Lincoln to the Northern Pacific Railway. As such, the railway company heavily promoted the area to encourage settlement and populate the station sites along the way. Towns began to develop in the late 1880s; prior to that time, the few settlers had a difficult time getting around. Despite snow, floods, fires, wrecks, human error, sabotage, and government regulation, the railroads continued and were able to serve the communities and help them survive. The earliest lines were built largely by man and beast with few large machines. The last transcontinental line in the Big Bend, the Milwaukee Road, featured groundbreaking technology in the form of electrically operated locomotives. The building of Grand Coulee Dam brought more railroad lines, with tracks that featured grades and locomotives normally seen on logging railroads, to bring in construction materials to the largest concrete structure in the world at the time.

Longview

9780738596037

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From his command post in a downtown Kansas City skyscraper, the nation's foremost lumberman, R.A. Long, received the devastating report from his company's timber scouts in 1918: his sources for raw material were nearly exhausted. The once-lush pine and oak forests of the Mississippi Delta had been stripped clean and converted into farmland. Now, his Long-Bell Lumber Company was at a crossroads. The timber baron put the question to a vote by his board of directors: disband or build the world's largest lumber mill somewhere else? This group of middle-aged men looked upon R.A. Long as a father figure and a proverbial King Midas, able to turn wood into gold. Their decision was easy: they wholeheartedly endorsed the plan to build. And their vision became the Longview story, combining social engineering, modern marketing, and a whole lot of money into a 20th-century urban success story.

Cover image for Longview, isbn: 9780738596037

Washington's Sunset Highway

9781467132039

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The Sunset Highway works its way east to west across the 300-mile-wide expanse of Washington State from the Spokane River to its ending at Seattle on Puget Sound. Later known as Highway 10, the route traverses a landscape of big cities, small towns, and wide-open spaces; rolling hills and rugged mountains; fertile fields of grain, apple orchards, and ranches; roaring streams, deep rivers, and rock-walled coulees--now dry, but once a mighty watercourse. The Sunset Highway arose from a collection of existing wagon roads, becoming the main cross-state thoroughfare with highway improvements. As traffic increased, roadside businesses sprang up to accommodate motorists. In towns, bright neon lights attracted both locals and passers-through, while tourist courts, restaurants, burger stands, and service stations lined the highway approaches.

Bridges of Spokane

9780738596358

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Spokane's history begins with the arrival of explorer David Thompson, who established the trading post Spokane House in 1810. From that period forward, the area teemed with Euro-American settlers who often mingled with the Native American population. Spokan Falls, officially incorporated in 1881, and by 1891 known simply as Spokane, became ground zero for the extractive industries of mining and logging and later a vast hub for the railroads. These factors led to the greatest boom in the city's history between the years 1900 and 1915. Spokane's growth came on the heels of an increase in the built environment that included the creation of parks, subdivisions, an expanded downtown business district, and an almost feverish movement to create some of Washington's most beautifully designed bridges. Because of this, Spokane has often been referred to as the "City of Bridges."

The Ballard Locks

9780738559179

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The Hiram M. Chittenden Locks, known locally as the Ballard Locks, are an integral part of Seattle's extensive waterways. The busiest facility of their kind in America, the Ballard Locks form the heart of the channel connecting Puget Sound's saltwater with Seattle's main freshwater lakes. When completed in 1917, the locks were second only in size to the Panama Canal and the first of their kind on the West Coast. They function primarily to maintain the lakes' levels and allow the movement of vessels between them and the sea. The Ballard Locks are among Seattle's top tourist attractions; more than one million people visit annually. They watch salmon and other fish migrate through the fish ladder, visit the botanical gardens, and watch the nonstop parade of ships—from working vessels to pleasure craft—as they rise and fall in the locks.

Washington's Highway 99

9780738596181

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For a century, the route of Highway 99 has been the main transportation corridor in western Washington. Forest and farm products, fish, and families have all been a part of the flow of business and recreational travel between the Canadian border at Blaine and the Columbia River at Vancouver. What is now Highway 99 originated as a loose network of muddy roads connecting early settlements. With the dawn of the automobile age and construction of good roads, travel for business and pleasure began to shift away from ships and railroads to trucks and family cars. Roadside services developed within and between towns to cater to the new type of travelers--as many as 1,300 "gas, food, and lodging" businesses lined Highway 99, ranging from primitive auto camps to luxury hotels and from simple burger stands to roadside eateries shaped like giant tepees and igloos.

Wenatchee

9780738574462

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Wenatchee, named after the native people who inhabited the valley in the eastern Cascades for centuries, is situated at the confluence of the Wenatchee and Columbia Rivers in central Washington. The first European explorers came through Wenatchee in 1811. Settlement began in 1868 and increased with the coming of the Great Northern Railway Company in 1892. Its population grew rapidly as merits of the area's soil, climate, and water resources attracted homesteaders who planted orchards. The tree fruit industry thrived, and Wenatchee became known as the "Apple Capital of the World," with an annual Apple Blossom Festival that endures as the community's biggest celebration. Orchards propelled the economy through most of the 20th century. Now, thanks to Wenatchee's location on two rivers in the Cascade foothills, the town has become a destination for outdoor recreation and wine tourism with a beautiful downtown historic district worth exploring.

Redmond

9780738520711

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Only 17 miles northeast of Seattle, Redmond is nestled among fir trees, with the majestic backdrop of the Cascade Mountains to the east and the Olympic Mountains to the west. In 1870, when the first official census of Seattle listed 1,107 people, Luke McRedmond obtained a land patent in the area later to be named for him. From the auspicious beginnings of lumber, fishing, and hunting industries sprang a thriving town which was destined to gain international recognition as the home of Microsoft.

With photographs collected from the relatives of its founding families, this volume focuses on the history of Redmond from 1870 to the 1920s. Included are many unpublished photos of the pioneer families, as well as rare glimpses of the railway station, early farms and schools, and historic shots of the Redmond Fire Department. Pictured social occasions include the earliest 4th of July celebrations, birthday parties, and Redmond's famous Derby Days, the country's oldest annual bicycle race, begun in 1939.

Mount Spokane

9780738595436

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Located just 25 northeast of Spokane, Mount Spokane has been a popular winter and summer recreation area for many years. The area around the 5,883-foot peak is rugged and covered with dense forest and plant habitat. As the population around the area grew during the last half of the 19th century, more people and community leaders got involved with Mount Spokane. In 1927, the area became a state park. Skiing has long since been popular on the mountain, and today the skiing tradition continues stronger than ever. For the first time, this book brings together the complete history and photograph collection of Mount Spokane. This photographic history covers not only skiing but also early auto tour trips, a 1930s Civilian Conservation Corps camp, and a Spokane television station that built its transmitting tower on the summit of a mountain. Today, Mount Spokane is a 13,919-acre park, the largest state park in Washington.

Vanishing Tacoma

9781467130288

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Tacoma, like most cities across the nation, has changed its appearance over time, creating many different urban landscapes. This phenomenon was apparent throughout the area as landowners, developers, community organizations, and government agencies all contributed to the city's growth and transformation. The changing landscape was further impacted by fires, earthquakes, and other acts of nature, resulting in a rich mosaic of old and new. The history of Vanishing Tacoma illustrates the city's past and present landscapes and honors the historic properties that still remain.

Yakima

9780738520865

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Early clashes in the 1850s with Native American tribes led to the establishment of the Yakima Indian Reservation just south of the city limits. Soon afterward, settlers came in earnest, having heard of the potential of the valley soil. Captured here in 200 vintage images is the story of the life and times of Yakima's earliest settlers through to the 21st century. In 1884, the town attracted the attention of the Northern Pacific Railroad, which was interested in building a depot. Yakima City landowners refused to cooperate, so the railroad located its depot four miles to the north. In 1918, this new location was reincorporated as Yakima, and Yakima City was renamed Union Gap. Both attracted their share of businessmen and ideas. Frederick Mercy arrived and installed theaters in Yakima and the rest of the state. J.M. Perry, an early fruit packer and shipper, left funds to establish what would become a nationally renowned technical school. These photographs illuminate the history of Yakima's schools, businesses, churches, and agriculture. Images document the social development of the city, family photos from days gone by, the orchards that have played such a large part in the economy, and even an apple pie big enough to feed a whole crowd!

Sumner

9781467130639

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Come on in to Sumner, Washington, the "Rhubarb Pie Capital of the World." Settled in 1853 after a wagon train daringly crossed the Cascade Mountains through Naches Pass, Sumner quickly grew to become an established town. Find out how Sumner's name was literally drawn out of a hat. Learn about George Ryan's unique method for getting the railroad to stop here. Take a tour down Main Street, and watch how it changed--or didn't--through the decades. See Ryan House when it actually was a farmhouse and the Old Cannery when it was canning fruit. Join in celebrations over the years, from the Daffodil Parade to football championships. Meet schoolchildren, including Clara McCarty Wilt, who became the first graduate of the University of Washington. Follow the work at local industries, from the lumberyards to the fields, where daffodils, berries, and of course, rhubarb were grown.

Nisqually Indian Tribe

9780738556116

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The Nisqually are the original stewards of prairie lands, mountains, and rivers in Thurston and Pierce Counties. They welcomed British and American newcomers and tightly bound the outsiders to the Native American world. This volume visually explores the traditional time, when Nisqually political and economic control of the South Sound was supreme. As Nisqually men and women married and worked with outsiders, the Native American world was transformed. In 1854, Nisqually leaders signed a treaty with the United States and officially ceded most of their country, but the land and rights they reserved set the stage for a cultural revival in the 1970s.

Mount Baker

9781467131070

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Mount Baker rises over northern Washington State like a mirage, dominating the landscape like few mountains in the United States. On a clear day, it is visible from as far away as Vancouver, British Columbia, and Tacoma, Washington. This immense volcano is a study in superlatives: it is the third-highest peak in the state, holds the world record for snowfall in a season (95 feet!), and is the second-most heavily glaciated peak in the contiguous United States. The mountain also played a dominant role in the history of the region, having served as a beacon to seafarers and a lure for men in search of gold, timber, and adventure.

Tumwater

9780738581279

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The phrase "It's the water," adopted by Tumwater's own Olympia Brewing Company, could have been coined for the town itself. In 1845, the first American settlers on Puget Sound founded a village at the falls of the Deschutes River, drawn by the river's potential for powering mills and factories. They christened the place New Market, though the town soon changed its name to Tumwater, a phrase meaning "noisy water" in the language used between settlers and Indians. Though the age of water power lasted only a few more decades, Tumwater later struck gold with a different sort of water: pure artesian springs that were perfect for brewing beer. The Olympia Brewing Company, built by German brewmaster Leopold Schmidt, produced its first beer in 1896. For more than a century, Schmidt's brewery dominated the little town at the falls. In spite of tremendous changes during the past few decades, modern Tumwater still takes pride in its Northwest pioneer heritage and its beer-brewing past.

University Place

9780738595153

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A community located just south and west of Tacoma, University Place has always been noted for its excellent school system--but where is the "university?" In the 1890s, long before University Place became a suburban bedroom community, it was chosen as the future site for Puget Sound University. Plans were drawn and ground breaking even occurred, but the economic depression of the mid-1890s scuttled the venture; however, the name University Place stuck. At approximately the same time the university was planned, the few residents in the area formed school district No. 83, encompassing approximately eight square miles along the shore of Puget Sound, and named it University Place School District. From the days of sheep herding, logging, gravel and sand mining, tomato farming, apple and peach orchard planting, and rhododendron farming, University Place has become a proud city with a population exceeding 31,000 residents.

Cemeteries of Tacoma

9780738575315

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During the mid-19th century, coffins were built with a drawstring bell to serve as an alarm in case one had the misfortune of being buried alive. It is believed that several such coffins reside in Tacoma's cemeteries. Fortunately, there are no reports of bells ringing in the middle of the night. Tacoma has numerous Victorian cemeteries that house renowned pioneers, like Thea Foss, Angelo Fawcett, and Brig. Gen. John W. Sprague, a hero of the Civil War who cofounded Tacoma and served as the city's first mayor. Several cemeteries are dying to tell their story and have not seen a visitor in over a century. Some have been abandoned completely, while others have been relocated numerous times. A number of graves that should have been moved are still in their original places. Tacoma residents will be astonished to learn the whereabouts of several unmarked graves, including some located along a very familiar piece of highway.

Castle Rock

9780738570921

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Early travelers coming up the Cowlitz River saw a large rock formation next to the river, which they named Castle Rock. It was here, nestled between the Willapa Hills and the Cascade Mountains, that William and Eliza Huntington made their homestead in 1852. Theirs and several other early land grants make up what is now the site of Castle Rock, as well as nearby homes and farms. Descendants of many early pioneer families continue to live in Castle Rock, including Pyle, Jackson, Merrill, Dougherty, Whittle, Studebaker, and others. The town and its people have survived a series of natural disasters in the 20th century, including floods, an earthquake, a Pacific hurricane, and the eruption of Mount St. Helens, each time picking up the pieces of their lives and rebuilding. With the virtual collapse of the timber industry, Castle Rock is now beginning to find its identity and ability to prosper in the 21st century.

University of Washington

9781467131827

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The University of Washington was founded in 1861, when Seattle was a tiny village. It struggled to survive during its early years, but after Washington achieved statehood in 1889, the university grew along with the region it served. A world's fair on its campus attracted international attention in 1909. A century later, the University of Washington is known worldwide for research and teaching in fields ranging from arts and sciences to health sciences and high technology. With three campuses (Seattle, Tacoma, and Bothell), extensive programs of professional and continuing education, and hundreds of thousands of alumni, the University of Washington has grown beyond anything its pioneer founders could have imagined.

Cover image for University of Washington, isbn: 9781467131827

Big Lake Valley

9781467116343

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A beautiful lake surrounded by virgin timber was enough for Dr. Hyacinthe P. Montborne to homestead here in 1884. He set up a shingle mill at Montborne in 1887, at the same time Hugh Walker was setting up a shingle mill in Walker Valley. With the establishment of the Seattle, Lake Shore & Eastern Railroad along the shoreline of Big Lake, the valley began to boom. The Day Lumber Company at Big Lake and the Nelson Neal Lumber Company at Montborne each established lumber mills. Their operations were far-reaching into the vast timberlands. With families homesteading near and far, the Finn Settlement, Ehrlich, Big Lake, Big Rock, and Baker Heights joined Walker Valley and the town of Montborne as communities. The mills are now gone, but the communities in the Big Lake Valley have survived, and generations of families, both old and new, continue to call it home.

Cover image for Big Lake Valley, isbn: 9781467116343

Grant County

9780738548920

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Grant County was one of the last places to be settled in Washington State. The first visitors grazed livestock on the rich bunch grasses, sharing space with the Wanapum and Sinkiuse tribes. Homesteaders planted wheat, hay, and orchards, and marketed fish around Moses Lake. After unusually wet years, weather patterns returned to normal and the area creeks dried up, forcing many families to move away. Not long after, the Great Depression bankrupted many of those who had not been ruined by the droughts. It wasn't until World War II, when military bases were built in Ephrata and Moses Lake, that people started to return to Grant County. The completion of Grand Coulee Dam in 1942 and of Priest Rapids Dam and Wanapum Dam in the 1960s brought cheap electrical power and irrigation, which lured farmers, ranchers, and orchardists back to the county.

Early Snohomish

9780738548982

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This riverside city was established when a rumor surfaced that a military road would be crossing over the Snohomish River. The road never materialized. By 1866, the "mother city" of the new county was little
more than a clearing in the woods, offering a store and a saloon, and was known up and down the river as Cadyville. Ten years later, the name Snohomish City was established, along with the first newspaper, the first school, and the first literary society in the county. Farms, logging camps, and trading posts throughout the area pivoted around this growing city
and manufacturing center. Even Seattle was not much larger and offered no more amenities. Today 9,000 residents call Snohomish home, and as the area develops farther away from the riverside and its historic roots, this book invites the reader to pause and remember.

Tacoma's Wright Park

9780738559322

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The origins of Wright Park date to 1886, when the Tacoma Land Company--the real estate agency of the Northern Pacific Railway--donated 27 acres of land to the newly incorporated and booming young railroad town of Tacoma on the condition that it become a city park. A hilly, logged, and brambly parcel of land, the acreage was nonetheless enthusiastically received by citizens of Tacoma. Named in honor of Charles Barstow Wright, the president of the Tacoma Land Company, Wright Park and its surrounding streets and avenues soon became the early address of distinction for Tacoma's grand residences as well as many educational, religious, and medical institutions. Now, more than a century later, Tacoma's landmark Wright Park is the recipient of renewed citizen investment and appreciation, as this photographic retrospective demonstrates.

Stanwood

9781467162302

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Stanwood was established at the mouth of the Stillaguamish River on the eastern shoreline of Puget Sound in 1873. In this pictorial history, local Stanwood Area Historical Society historian and retired librarian Karen Prasse features over 200 photographs from the collections of the Stanwood Area Historical Society.

Originally designated Centerville, it had a wharf to accommodate steamboat transportation. Loggers and mill men from the nearby Utsalady mill on Camano Island were among those who established homesteads and businesses, and the town began to grow. The Great Northern Railroad Company, providing long awaited rail connection, bypassed Stanwood a mile away from the waterfront in 1891. When two major lumber companies were established between 1888 and 1903 on the waterfront, they needed access to a railroad, so the Hall & Hall Railroad, the “Shortest Railroad in the World,” was incorporated to transport lumber. As the mills closed in the 1930s, food processing became the primary economy with the establishment of Twin City Foods and the Pacific Coast Condensery near the depot. The depot area became known as East Stanwood, and it was incorporated in 1922, creating two separate towns one mile apart—Stanwood and East Stanwood. The citizens voted to consolidate in 1960 when the cities faced an issue they could not resolve on their own.

The historical society, chartered in 1972, operates the D.O. Pearson House museum, the Eldridge Center, and the Floyd Norgaard Cultural Center. All photographs were generously donated to the collections over the years by local families and collectors.

Cover image for Stanwood, isbn: 9781467162302

Auburn

9781467131117

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Auburn has been a town of many names. Native Americans referred to it as Ilalko, the town's founders called it Slaughter, and finally, city leaders, hoping to attract more visitors and business from the expanding railroad lines, named it Auburn. Auburn has been a hops boomtown, a major railroad hub, and "The Little Detroit of the West." The city has been a home to immigrants from countries around the world, including Japan, Italy, Ireland, and Sweden. Auburn is a growing suburban city with the heart of a small-town farming community that has always been proud of its local businesses and its hardworking citizens.

Ruston

9780738575742

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Founded by aspiring industrialist William Rust to maintain political control over the area surrounding his smelter, the town of Ruston has been the center of much larger political battles than its small size would imply. Even as the Guggenheim empire bought and integrated the smelter into its American Smelting and Refining Company (Asarco) in 1905, the small community flourished outside the smelter gates with homes, shops, and more than its fair share of boarding houses and taverns for the working men. Incorporated in 1906, the company town remained fiercely loyal to Asarco as national environmental battles were fought over smelter operations and impacts in the 1970s. Once the smelter furnaces cooled in 1985 and its stack tumbled in 1993, new residents upgraded the working-class neighborhood into a high-end enclave with panoramic views of Commencement Bay, Mount Rainer, and the Olympic Mountains.

Naselle-Grays River Valley

9780738558721

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Naselle-Grays River Valley is located in western Wahkiakum County and southern Pacific County, with the mighty Columbia River running the full length of the region. The Chinook Indians made the valley their home long before Lewis and Clark came down the Columbia on their expedition to find the Pacific Ocean. The first white settlers came in the mid-1800s, establishing the communities of Naselle, Grays River, Deep River, Brookfield, Pillar Rock, Dahlia, Knappton, and Altoona. In 1866, William Hume built the first salmon cannery on the Columbia, and local economies flourished with 35 canneries in operation at one time. When the Ocean Beach Highway replaced the river as the major thoroughfare in 1924, growth shifted elsewhere. Naselle, one of the smaller communities in the late 1800s, is today the largest and only surviving town, thanks to the many Finnish families that homesteaded the area.

Cover image for Naselle-Grays River Valley, isbn: 9780738558721

Early Kirkland

9781467127578

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Kirkland is a city of over 88,000 today, but when the US government opened the eastern shore of Lake Washington for homesteading in 1870, it was an unforgiving, mostly unpopulated primeval forest of giant old-growth conifers and tangles of undergrowth. Over the next two decades, hardscrabble pioneers gradually braved the wilds to stake and prove up 80- and 160-acre land claims. In 1887, a consortium of speculators, developers, and dreamers headed by a dynamic English steel industrialist sought to transform the scattered wilderness ranches into a steel manufacturing center, the Pittsburgh of the West. A boomtown was born, but within a few years, the steel scheme imploded, leaving in its ruins a few resilient families who undertook the arduous, decades-long struggle to forge a town. Early Kirkland provides a new look into Kirkland's past, from its beginning to 1940.

Cover image for Early Kirkland, isbn: 9781467127578

Port Orchard

9780738589220

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The town of Sidney was platted in 1886 by Frederick Stevens and contained a pottery works, shingle mill, and sawmill by 1889. The surrounding thick forests and lack of roads meant the area was accessible only by water. The year 1889 also saw the building of the first wharf, allowing numerous passengers and freight steamers of the Mosquito Fleet (so called because its numbers were said to resemble a swarm of mosquitoes) to stop at Sidney, thus facilitating the growth of the town. In December 1890, three months after Sidney's incorporation, the federal government approved Sinclair Inlet as the location for a Pacific Northwest shipyard. Early major developments determined the town's future: moving the county seat from Port Madison to Sidney, renaming the town Port Orchard, and locating the Washington State Veterans Home near Port Orchard.

Mercer Island

9780738599564

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Mercer Island occupies a unique geographic position situated in Lake Washington, just 15 minutes to Seattle or Bellevue, yet semirural in feel. Pioneers first settled the island in the late 1800s, surviving mainly by their own ingenuity as the island lacked even the most basic services. Wealthy Seattle residents built summer cabins on the island to enjoy its bucolic setting. With the advent of passenger and car ferry services to Seattle, Mercer Island gradually acquired a school, church, and post office, and many other services took root in the community. Residents continued to use rowboats, steamboats, and ferries to get to and from the island. Development was slow and cumbersome, as all supplies had to be transported by boat. However, with the opening of the East Channel Bridge in 1923 and the Lake Washington Floating Bridge in 1940, the island gradually evolved into a commuter suburb, attracting new residents to its park-like setting and excellent schools.

Clallam County

9780738520957

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The first settlements of Clallam County were along the coast of the Olympic Peninsula, at the gateway to Victoria, British Columbia, and Puget Sound. When the hardy pioneers arrived, the land was covered by dense forests that had to be conquered for the communities to survive. Forestry, logging, and lumber were the main industries for more than 100 years. This volume contains more than 200 vintage black-and-white images, many of which have never been previously published. The rugged history of Clallam County is told through photographs of the land and geography, the lives of the first settlers, and stories of the East End, Central, and West End sections of this northwest corner of the state of Washington.

Mukilteo

9780738574219

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Located on the waters of Possession Sound, Mukilteo is one of the earliest settlements in Snohomish County. It takes its name, which means "good camping ground," from the Native American people who established a permanent winter village on the spit of land and adjoining salt marsh. Numerous events add to Mukilteo's rich history, including the visit of Capt. George Vancouver in 1792 and Gov. Isaac Stevens's signing of the Point Elliott Treaty in 1855. Founded by Morris Frost and Jacob Fowler in 1860, the city housed the first salmon cannery in Washington and one of the region's earliest breweries. Japanese immigrants became an important part of the community from 1903 to 1930 while working for the Crown Lumber Company. The city's lighthouse, located near the Mukilteo-Clinton ferry dock, has been a well-known fixture since 1906.

Kennewick, Washington

9780738520773

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Captured here in over 200 vintage images is a photographic documentation of a section of America that was all but uninhabitable until the late 1800s. Before that time, the area was the home of a few scattered Native American bands and traditional eastern Washington desert wildlife: sagebrush, rattlesnakes, and coyotes. Only through the efforts of the railroad and the entrepreneurs, explorers, trappers, settlers, and homesteaders was this area, located along the banks of the mighty Columbia River as well as the Snake and Yakima rivers, transformed into a bountiful oasis in the desert.

Kennewick is on the direct route of the Oregon Trail, as well as the Lewis and Clark trail. The story of Kennewick begins in 1883-with the arrival of the railroad and an era when steamboats and the men who plied them were pivotal in the town's settlement. These vintage images tell the story of Kennewick's early businesses, frontier homes, schools, churches, and community experiences.

Ellensburg

9780738571546

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Ellensburg began as a small trading post in the picturesque Kittitas Valley in the early 1870s. Northwest Native Americans praised the area for its centrality in the region, which Seattleite John A. Shoudy quickly realized. When Shoudy sought to secure a wagon road from Seattle to Eastern Washington, over the Cascade Mountains, the trail led him to the Kittitas Valley. Shoudy purchased a small trading post from A. J. Splawn and began the town that he named for his wife, Mary Ellen Shoudy. Ellensburg was almost chosen as the state capital in the late 1880s, but instead it was awarded a State Normal School as a consolation. With a bustling downtown district, a railroad passing through town, and a public university, all the while remaining steeped in the local agricultural and rural setting, Ellensburg quickly became a diverse and thriving city.

Oak Harbor

9780738596686

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Oak Harbor, the largest town on Whidbey Island, was first inhabited by a large population of natives. White men first arrived to the island in 1792 on Capt. George Vancouver's ship. Joseph Whidbey is credited with finding the churning passage, which he named Deception Pass, establishing that the land was indeed an island. Vancouver named the land Whidbey's Island. Three young adventurers in search of new and free land--Martin Taftzon, Charles Sumner, and Ulrich Freund--were brought up the bay to Big Springs by native canoe. Taftzon scrambled up over the hill and, gazing out to his eye's delight on the beautiful harbor, exclaimed loudly, "Eureka, I have discovered Paradise!" On January 4, 1851, these young men filed donation land claims around the harbor. Oak Harbor was named by Dr. R.H. Lansdale.

Seattle's Fremont

9780738531199

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Lovingly labeled by locals as the "Center of the Universe," Fremont is one of Seattle's most eclectic and dynamic neighborhoods. Having been little more than lush primeval forest just over a century ago, the area grew to be the home of the city's blue-collar workers, a bohemian haven for local artists, and now a thriving urban mecca of bars, restaurants, hip boutiques, and art studios that cater to the worldly aware. Most recently, Fremont has become the address of hightech giants like Adobe. It continues to evolve, reflecting
the changes in industry that have contributed to Fremont's reputation as an urban area on the cutting edge.

Spanaway

9781467131414

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Around 1840, the British Hudson Bay Company set up a cattle ranch on the shore of a haunted lake that local tribes called Spa'nu-we. A hunting trail through the Cascade Mountains crossed at Spa'nu-we with another pathway running to Puget Sound from the sleeping volcano Tu'qobu (Tacoma). Both trails became roads and railways that drew settlers to Spa'nu-we's rich prairie and abundant water. Thus began decades of conflict--often armed--with the evolving town of Spanaway caught in regional and national turmoil. Because of its strategic location, Spanaway homesteads were used as temporary military outposts during two wars. Hundreds of family farms were lost forever when they were condemned to form Camp Lewis. Spanaway's resort "on the most beautiful lake in a land of lakes" has drawn controversial rallies, lawsuits, and political battles. Spanaway, still buffeted by political winds, continues today as a regional playground and transportation hub.

Cheney

9781467133487

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Established as a railroad section station on the Northern Pacific Railroad, Cheney boomed into existence as the Spokane County seat in 1880. The City of Cheney incorporated in 1883, and though its role as county seat was short-lived, Cheney long served as an agricultural and mercantile hub for the surrounding Palouse and scabland towns and farms. The rotary rod weeder was invented here and manufactured by the Cheney Weeder Company to be shipped all over the country and the world. The most enduring legacy of the pioneers was Eastern Washington University, beginning as the Benjamin P. Cheney Academy in 1882 with a donation from the town's namesake. In 1891, it became Washington's first normal school for the training of teachers. Growing and diversifying, the university now has a student body of over 10,000.

Fir Island and Conway

9781467124782

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The North Fork and the South Fork of the Skagit River were navigated by those searching for gold and land in the 1870s. Flooding became a deterrent for many, but those who stayed discovered an abundance of fertile soil and natural resources. Scandinavian immigrants, predominantly Norwegian, came to settle in the area, some with their families, and worked in logging and in farming. As the population grew, small towns and businesses were soon established. Skagit City and Fir were located on Fir Island; Conway and Milltown were located east of the island. In 1914, a bridge connected the island to the mainland, replacing the ferry at Mann's Landing. After many floods, the removal of logjams, and the arrival of the Great Northern Railroad, Mount Vernon began to prosper upriver, and the little towns began to disappear. Today, Fir Island and Conway are destinations for tourists who come to see snow geese and trumpeter swans during migration. Farmers continue to work the soil, and many descendants of pioneers still remain.

Cover image for Fir Island and Conway, isbn: 9781467124782

Bonney Lake's Plateau

9780738582085

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The story of Bonney Lake and the plateau is not about towns and their storefronts, but of the enduring people who settled there before and after Washington achieved statehood. In spite of their brief presence, Michael Connell and Reuben Finnell are names credited for many of the area's key landmarks. In 1864, pioneer William B. Kelley arrived at the plateau. His public service as a territorial legislator and county auditor made him one of the most respected individuals of eastern Pierce County. Other pioneers, such as the Moriarty and Vandermark families, engaged in logging and farming on the plateau, which continued to be considered a wilderness. Oscar Doc Bowen, one of the settlers who arrived from the 1930s dustbowl, had a spiritual impact when he called for construction of the area's first church. Less than two decades later, Kenneth Simmons saw potential for further growth and pressed to incorporate the plateau's west end—forming the town of Bonney Lake.

Cover image for Bonney Lake's Plateau, isbn: 9780738582085

Patrol and Rescue Boats on Puget Sound

9780738575810

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The history of impressive battleships, aircraft carriers, and submarines on Puget Sound has been well chronicled. However, the story of the smaller, fast patrol and rescue boats that have protected its vast inland waters is largely unknown. This book, through more than 200 rare images and engaging text, reveals the fascinating story. It covers Navy, Coast Guard, and Army Air Force craft in the sound, including the famed patrol torpedo boats of World War II. Featuring evocative photographs from the National Archives, as well as veterans' personal collections, this book highlights these military craft, their proud crews, and essential wartime and peacetime operations.

The Key Peninsula

9780738548937

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The Key Peninsula is a scenic finger of land that stretches south between Case and Carr Inlets in Washington State. Few people lived there before 1850, although Native Americans fished and hunted from temporary villages. Several communities, each with a unique history, took root near the various bays and inlets of the peninsula, and by the 1890s, many areas bustled with schools, post offices, mills, churches, and stores. Logging, orchards, and chicken farms supported these early pioneers. Cut off from the mainland, the waters of Puget Sound provided transportation. The famous Mosquito Fleet carried products such as fruit, seafood, chickens, eggs, and butter to Olympia, Tacoma, and Seattle until the advent of the ferries and, later, the bridges. Many of today's "oldtimers" are just two or three generations distant from the original hardy settlers, but the area's residents are proud of the heritage of this unique place they call home.

Old Tacoma

9780738531038

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In 1865, Job Carr paddled a canoe to his new homestead on a small harbor that would become Old Tacoma. The area's notorious reputation--as "The Wildest Port North of San Francisco's Barbary Coast"--haunted it for decades after the tall-masted schooners, sailors, brothels, and saloons were gone. Situated on the deepwater shoreline of Commencement Bay to ship timber from the vast tracts surrounding it, "Old Tacoma" was bypassed by the Northern Pacific terminus in favor of "New Tacoma" a few miles away. Settled by waves of Scandinavian and Croatian immigrants to work the mills and purse seiners, Old Tacoma became an isolated community. Though industry, shipbuilding, and timber mills gave way to commerce and recreation, the community of Old Tacoma still retains the unique flavor of its colorful past.

Roslyn

9780738559551

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Roslyn, a mining town nestled in Washington's Cascade Mountains, is a little town with a big history. Founded three years before Washington was admitted to the Union, Roslyn became a boomtown after the discovery of coal. Coal was king in Roslyn for 80 years, and immigrants came from all over the world to work the mines. Roslyn's remarkable history includes stories of murder, a mine strike that ended with the mine boss tied to the railroad tracks, and a bank robbery some claim was masterminded by Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid. Readers will meet characters like Tony Bailey--he turned out to be a she--who worked the mines for 11 months in 1949 before being arrested one night in a tavern for going into the women's bathroom dressed as a man. And no book about Roslyn would be complete without a chapter on the hit television series Northern Exposure, which was filmed there.

Olympic Hot Springs

9781467130196

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The Olympic Hot Springs served as a destination resort in the Olympic Mountains near Port Angeles, Washington, for 60 years. Andrew Jacobsen is considered the first to discover the springs, nestled 2,100 feet up in the Elwha River valley, in 1892. Today, individuals still hike up the Elwha trail to soak in the earthen pools of mineral water, unaware that years ago it was home to a legendary resort. While on a hunting trip in 1907, Billy Everett, "Slim" Farrell, and Charlie Anderson rediscovered the springs and began work developing the site of Olympic Hot Springs, hewing logs into wood baths and building a cabin and bathhouse along the hillside. Everett went on to become proprietor of the enterprise, which opened to the public in 1909. In the years to follow, cabins, pools, and lodges were constructed along the hillside above Boulder Creek, and the beloved resort thrived with visitors. In 1940, the resort was annexed into the Olympic National Park, and it was later closed in 1966.

The Everett Massacre

9780738594583

$21.99 $16.49 Save 25%

Sunday, November 5, 1916 marked the bloodiest battle in Pacific Northwest labor history. On that day, about 300 members of the Industrial Workers of the World (the I.W.W.) boarded the steamers Verona and Calista from Seattle and headed north toward Port Gardner Bay. The I.W.W. (or Wobblies) planned a public demonstration in Everett that afternoon, to be held on the corner of Hewitt and Wetmore, a spot commonly used by street speakers. Hoping to gain converts to their dream of One Big Union, the Wobblies began street speaking in Everett during a local shingle weavers' strike, encountering brutal suppression by local law officers. Free speech soon became the dominant issue. The number of demonstrators and the violence of the response from law enforcement grew as the weeks wore on. On November 5th, word reached Everett that a group of armed anarchists was coming to burn their town. 200 citizen deputies, under the authority of Snohomish County Sheriff Donald McRae, met to repel the invaders. The Verona arrived first, pulling in alongside the dock. McRae asked "Who is your leader?" When he was told "We are all leaders!", he informed passengers they could not land. A single shot was fired, followed by minutes of chaotic shooting. Whether the first shot came from boat or dock was never determined. Passengers aboard the Verona rushed to the opposite side of the ship, nearly capsizing the vessel. Bullets pierced the pilot house, and the Verona's captain struggled to back it out of port. The Calista returned to Seattle, without trying to land.