Tennessee

Great Smoky Mountains National Park has some of the highest, oldest, and most picturesque mountain peaks and ridges in the United States. Discover its history.

Its mountains, rivers, and scenic gorges constitute a formidable barrier between Tennessee and North Carolina. The struggle to acquire the land for the park from 10 large lumber companies and hundreds of small landholders started in 1923 and lasted more than 15 years. More than half of the 500,000 acres acquired for the park had been logged before the park's dedication in 1940, but thousands of acres of old growth forest still survive. One of the most biologically diverse regions in North America-with thousands of species of plant and animal life, including 125 species of native trees-the park was designated an International Biosphere Reserve by the United Nations in 1976 and a World Heritage Site in 1983.

When the world comes to Tennessee, the world is going to have a good time.

Once referred to as the "scruffy little city by the Tennessee River," Knoxville hosted the world's fair from May 1 through October 31, 1982, and provided one big party for people to visit from all over to witness the live entertainment, parades, displays, exhibits, musical and sporting events, food, costumes, rides, games, and arcades. Based on the theme "Energy Turns the World," Expo '82 was the first world's fair to be held in the southeastern United States in 97 years, hosting 22 countries and more than 11 million people. The news reports of the day declared the "World Came to Knoxville" as it hosted the official international exposition, fully licensed and sanctioned by the Bureau des Expositions Internationales in Paris, France.

This isolated Tennessee valley has been home for generations of early settlers and Native Americans alike, today welcoming millions of tourists annually as the Great Smoky Mountains National Park.

Though the land has existed for millenia, the village known as Cades Cove came into existence in 1821, when William "Fighting Billy" Tipton was granted 1,280 acres of fine fertile land in the first recorded legal land title to Cades Cove following the Calhoun Treaty of 1819. At its peak in 1900, the census showed that there were 125 families living in the cove and over 700 individuals. The Cades Cove people were self-sufficient and had many conveniences that others did not. Some residents made their own water system, and there were blacksmiths, coffin makers, farmers, storekeepers, postmasters, and many more occupations - there was no need to go out of their beloved cove for anything. In the late 1920s and early 1930s, with a good deal of opposition from the Cades Cove residents, the area was incorporated into the Great Smoky Mountains National Park.

The stars were in alignment to transform the isolated hamlet of White Oak Flats into the major tourist destination that Gatlinburg is today.

Settlers arrived at the end of the 18th century to farm, and a community emerged. When the ladies of the Pi Beta Phi Women's Fraternity established a school in Gatlinburg in 1912, the mountain people learned they had the skills to produce marketable, handmade items. With interest in a national park developing in the 1920s, people began to visit the area to buy handcrafts and to enjoy the scenery. Enterprising residents then built hotels and shops to accommodate them. Today, Gatlinburg supports approximately 11,000 people with an active chamber of commerce, a prize-winning community center, an outstanding public school system, a national art education center, and a nationally known public library.

With firsthand accounts, letters and diary entries from the Carter House Archives, local historian James R. Knight paints a vivid picture of the gruesome Battle of Franklin.

In late November 1864, the last Southern army east of the Mississippi that was still free to maneuver started out from northern Alabama on the Confederacy's last offensive. John Bell Hood and his Army of Tennessee had dreams of capturing Nashville and marching on to the Ohio River, but a small Union force under Hood's old West Point roommate stood between him and the state capital. In a desperate attempt to smash John Schofield's line at Franklin, Hood threw most of his men against the Union works, centered on the house of a family named Carter, and lost 30 percent of his attacking force in one afternoon, crippling his army and setting it up for a knockout blow at Nashville two weeks later.

A town with a significant place in American history as the Birthplace of the Atomic Bomb, this pictorial history takes a visual journey pre-war and post.

Nestled in the foothills of East Tennessee, 25 miles west of Knoxville, is a small town bordered on three sides by the Clinch River. The land first existed under other names - Elza, Robertsville, Scarboro, and Wheat - but in 1942, 59,000 acres of this unassuming rural land were transformed in a matter of weeks into a "secret city" that became known as the mysterious Manhattan District. As a direct result of the letter written by Albert Einstein to President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1939, the Manhattan District was created to develop new atomic weapons. Finally named Oak Ridge in 1943 and now thriving with a population of over 27,000, the town continues to be a significant center for the advancement of science and technology used throughout the world. In this pictorial history, photographs and personal descriptions guide readers on a visual journey of the construction of a city and the creation of the atomic bomb, to the post-war transformation of Oak Ridge into a major scientific community in the South.

Explore the charming town of Pigeon Forge, Tennessee from its humble beginnings as farmland to a bustling tourist attraction.

Pigeon Forge is a booming resort town in Tennessee with the majestic Great Smoky Mountains towering in the background. The national park's birth in 1934 forever changed this once-fertile farming river valley. Pigeon Forge is a vacationing playground with every type of family amusement imaginable, the most noted being Dolly Parton's own Dollywood theme park. The town began with a few large-acre farms and a cluster of farm-related businesses. Its unusual name derived from an iron forge built by Isaac Love in 1819 and the Little Pigeon River that provided power for its operation. The Cherokees, native to the area, named the river because of the countless passenger pigeons lining its banks. Love's son, William, built a gristmill in 1830 that still stands today. The Old Mill is on the National Register of Historic Places.

Discover the fascinating stories of Knoxville's eateries as author and historian Paula Johnson dives back in time through the stories of the city's great restaurants.

Over the past 225 years, Knoxville dining has come full circle - from early taverns and saloons to upscale continental cuisine and back to the roots of local eating experiences. Greek immigrants Frank and George Regas founded the legendary Regas Restaurant, which operated for 90 years, spreading culinary influence throughout the entire city. Early country music stars frequented Harold's Deli while visiting the city to perform on Tennessee's first live radio shows. Guests from around the world sat 266 feet in the air at the Sunsphere Restaurant, a fine dining establishment run by the Hardee's Corporation during Knoxville's World's Fair.

Over the past 100 years, Kingsport has grown tremendously, becoming one of the pioneer cities in Tennessee in both the areas of commerce and education.

From its humble roots as a frontier town along the Holston River to its emergence as an industrial center in the early 20th century, Kingsport, for many, is an ideal community, a rare combination of Southern mountain beauty matched with urban conveniences typical of larger cities. In Kingsport you will see and experience the many changes of a growing Kingsport and meet the individuals who worked so hard to create a new and better city. This volume, with over 200 photographs, remembers some of the achievements of its many residents, such as city fathers J. Fred Johnson and John B. Dennis, and recalls the community's darker memories, such as the notorious crimes of Kinnie Wagner. Views in the book capturing the town's unpaved thoroughfares and sparse cityscapes give way to later scenes showing the annually increasing network of streets surrounded by larger and taller structures. Also highlighted in this book are images showing turn-of-the-century one-room schools, the early stages of Dobyns-Bennett High, town parades, social clubs, churches, and theaters, which share a more personal story of Kingsport. Authors Martha Avaleen Egan and Nellie McNeil, in conjunction.

Bound by the majestic Smoky Mountains and its lush, rolling foothills, East Tennessee was forged by the pioneering spirits of the region's Cherokee tribes and the white settlers who arrived in the early nineteenth century.

Named for famous Revolutionary War hero Colonel Benjamin Cleveland, the town grew from a humble traveler's rest called Taylor's Place into a bustling community full of diversity and opportunity, attracting people of all races and creeds over the years. This visual history, with over 200 black-and-white photographs and postcards, explores the Cleveland of yesteryear, a time when Ocoee Street and Central Avenue echoed with the sounds of horse and wagon and the first automobile made its noisy debut on the town's unpaved main streets. Cleveland transports readers into the past and allows them a unique opportunity to rediscover the city's early landscape, some of the notable residences, such as the Craigmiles House, and a few of the principal industries that guided the town through the Civil War, World War I, the Great Depression, and World War II. Most important to Cleveland's success and identity are its people and their achievements. This volume records the prominent businesses, religious institutions, and educational facilities, such as Centenary College, Bob Jones College, and Lee College, that the citizens of Cleveland worked hard to provide for their children, neighbors, and future generations.

Jonesborough, as the oldest town in Tennessee, was once the capital of their own state, Franklin. Although that did not last, the history of this town was impactful in many of the important events of the young country.

Originally established in 1779 as the seat of Washington County, North Carolina, Jonesborough is the oldest incorporated town in Tennessee. Early pioneers were given land grants to settle west of the mountains, but by 1784, they no longer trusted their political leaders in North Carolina. They created their own local government and established the state of Franklin, naming Jonesborough the original capital of the ""lost"" 14th state. Never recognized by Congress, Franklin eventually fizzled out and Tennessee was formed. Although Tennessee was a slave-holding state prior to the Civil War, Jonesborough produced the earliest regularly published periodical devoted to abolishing slavery. Today, Jonesborough is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, with many buildings fully restored. In this volume, readers will see the Christopher Taylor House, which was built about 1778, and the Chester Inn, which hosted many famous guests in its original days, including Presidents Andrew Jackson, Andrew Johnson, and James K. Polk.